Caracterización del xilema de 352 coníferas

Following the traditional methods of preparation and description of wood at microscopy level, 352 descriptions of the woods of conifers were made. For the characterisation of each wood a multiple entry key was prepared, with a total of 81 features divided into four groups: tracheids with 29 features, axial parenchyma with 8, wood rays with 37 and resin canals with 7.Siguiendo los métodos tradicionales de preparación y descripción de la madera a nivel microscópico, se han realizado 352 descripciones de maderas de coníferas. Para la caracterización de cada madera se ha elaborado una clave de múltiple entrada con un total de 81 caracteres dividida en cuatro grupos: traqueidas con 29 caracteres, parénquima axial 8, radios leñosos 37 y canales resiníferos 7

Enhancement of flavour properties in wines using sequential inoculations of non-Saccharomyces (Hansenula and Torulaspora) and Saccharomyces yeast

In order to produce wines with greater complexity of aroma and taste, fermentations were carried out by sequential inoculation of non-Saccharomyces (Hansenula anomala and Torulaspora delbrueckii) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts in 'Airén' variety white grape musts. The wines made by sequential inoculation had a higher pH and higher levels of acetates, compounds that supply a fruity note. The wines inoculated with Hansenula anomala presented a lower concentration of lineal alcohols and thioalcohols, which are respectively responsible for herbaceous and cooked notes. The fermentations performed by sequential inoculation of Torulaspora delbrueckii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae produced wines with lower levels of volatile acidity, acetaldehyde and carbonyl compounds. In preference tasting, the 'Airén' wines obtained by co-inoculation with the species Hansenula anomala scored highest for their sensory qualities and were particularly appreciated for their floral and/or fruity notes

Thermodynamic perturbation theory for dipolar superparamagnets

Thermodynamic perturbation theory is employed to derive analytical expressions for the equilibrium linear susceptibility and specific heat of lattices of anisotropic classical spins weakly coupled by the dipole-dipole interaction. The calculation is carried out to the second order in the coupling constant over the temperature, while the single-spin anisotropy is treated exactly. The temperature range of applicability of the results is, for weak anisotropy (A/kT << 1), similar to that of ordinary high-temperature expansions, but for moderately and strongly anisotropic spins (A/kT > 1) it can extend down to the temperatures where the superparamagnetic blocking takes place (A/kT \sim 25), provided only the interaction strength is weak enough. Besides, taking exactly the anisotropy into account, the results describe as particular cases the effects of the interactions on isotropic (A = 0) as well as strongly anisotropic (A \to \infty) systems (discrete orientation model and plane rotators).Comment: 15 pages, 3 figure

Redes neuronales artificiales en el control de procesos por variables: aplicación en la fabricación de tableros de partículas

Artificial neural networks are an efficient tool for modelling production control processes using data from the actual production as well as simulated or design of experiments data. In this study two artificial neural networks were combined with the control process charts and it was checked whether the data obtained by the networks were valid for variable process control in particleboard manufacture. The networks made it possible to obtain the mean and standard deviation of the internal bond strength of the particleboard within acceptable margins using known data of thickness, density, moisture content, swelling and absorption. The networks obtained met the acceptance criteria for test values from non-standard test methods, as well as the criteria for using these values in statistical process control.Las redes neuronales artificiales son una herramienta eficaz para el modelado de los procesos de control de producci&oacute;n, tanto partiendo de datos de la propia producci&oacute;n como de datos simulados o procedentes de dise&ntilde;os de experimentos. En este estudio se han combinado dos redes neuronales artificiales con los gr&aacute;ficos de control de procesos y se ha comprobado si los datos obtenidos con ellas eran v&aacute;lidos para el control de producci&oacute;n por variables en la fabricaci&oacute;n de tableros de part&iacute;culas. Las redes han permitido obtener valores de la media y la desviaci&oacute;n t&iacute;pica de la cohesi&oacute;n interna del tablero de part&iacute;culas dentro de unos m&aacute;rgenes aceptables a partir de datos conocidos de espesor, densidad, contenido de humedad, hinchaz&oacute;n y absorci&oacute;n. Las redes obtenidas han cumplido con los requisitos de aceptaci&oacute;n de valores de ensayo por m&eacute;todos alternativos al normalizado y con los requisitos impuestos para su utilizaci&oacute;n en el control estad&iacute;stico de procesos

Anatomía de la madera de Abies spp. del área mediterránea: aproximación filética

An analysis was made of the wood anatomy of seven species, one subspecies and two varieties of the genus Abies from the Mediterranean area (A. alba, A. borisii-regis, A. cephalonica, A. cilicica, A. nordmanniana, A. nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani, A. numidica, A. pinsapo, A. pinsapo var. marocana and A. pinsapo var. tazaotana) in order to find phyletically relevant features to help clarify and complement the evolutionary patterns based on molecular studies. The wood structure within the genus was qualitatively similar, except for specific features characteristic of certain provenances. However, the wood biometry allowed the different taxa to be grouped in accordance with their anatomical similarity. A. alba, A. pinsapo, A. pinsapo var. marocana and A. pinsapo var. tazaotana possess biometric features which distinguish them from the other Mediterranean firs. Furthermore, A. numidica showed biometric features which distinguish it from the eastern firs (A. borisii-regis, A. cephalonica, A. cilicica, A. nordmanniana and A. nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani) and place it closer to certain Iberian populations of A. pinsapo. The maximum ray height in number of cells, frequency of rays with more than 30 cells and tracheid length can be regarded as specific patterns of the Mediterranean fir phylum.En este trabajo se ha analizado la anatom&iacute;a de la madera de siete especies, una subespecie y dos variedades del g&eacute;nero Abies procedentes del &aacute;rea mediterr&aacute;nea (A. alba, A. borisii-regis, A. cephalonica, A. cilicica, A. nordmanniana, A. nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani, A. numidica, A. pinsapo, A. pinsapo var. marocana y A. pinsapo var. tazaotana) con el fin de buscar caracteres fil&eacute;ticamente relevantes que ayuden a clarificar y complementar los patrones evolutivos basados en estudios moleculares. Las maderas estudiadas fueron cualitativamente similares, exceptuando ciertos caracteres propios de algunas procedencias. No obstante, la biometr&iacute;a de la madera permiti&oacute; agrupar los diferentes taxones seg&uacute;n su afinidad anat&oacute;mica. A. alba, A. pinsapo, A. pinsapo var. marocana y A. pinsapo var. tazaotana mostraron caracteres biom&eacute;tricos afines que los distinguen del resto de abetos mediterr&aacute;neos. Por otro lado, A. numidica mostr&oacute; caracteres biom&eacute;tricos que lo distinguen de los abetos orientales (A. borisii-regis, A. cephalonica, A. cilicica, A. nordmanniana y A. nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani) y lo asemejan a determinadas poblaciones ib&eacute;ricas de A. pinsapo. La altura m&aacute;xima de radios en n&uacute;mero de c&eacute;lulas, la frecuencia de radios de m&aacute;s de 30 c&eacute;lulas y la longitud de traqueidas, pueden ser considerados como patrones espec&iacute;ficos del phylum de los abetos mediterr&aacute;neos

Ballistic resistivity in aluminum nanocontacts

One of the major industrial challenges is to profit from some fascinating physical features present at the nanoscale. The production of dissipationless nanoswitches (or nanocontacts) is one of such attractive applications. Nevertheless, the lack of knowledge of the real efficiency of electronic ballistic/non dissipative transport limits future innovations. For multi-valent metallic nanosystems -where several transport channels per atom are involved- the only experimental technique available for statistical transport characterization is the conductance histogram. Unfortunately its interpretation is difficult because transport and mechanical properties are intrinsically interlaced. We perform a representative series of semiclassical molecular dynamics simulations of aluminum nanocontact breakages, coupled to full quantum conductance calculations, and put in evidence a linear relationship between the conductance and the contact minimum cross-section for the geometrically favored aluminum nanocontact configurations. Valid in a broad range of conductance values, such relation allows the definition of a transport parameter for nanomaterials, that represents the novel concept of ballistic resistivity

A virtual reality-based cognitive telerehabilitation system for use in the covid-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed people’s lives and the way in which certain services are provided. Such changes are not uncommon in healthcare services and they will have to adapt to the new situation by increasing the number of services remotely offered. Limited mobility has resulted in interruption of treatments that traditionally have been administered through face-to-face modalities, especially those related to cognitive impairments. In this telerehabilitation approach, both the patient and the specialist physician enter a virtual reality (VR) environment where they can interact in real time through avatars. A spaced retrieval (SR) task is implemented in the system to analyze cognitive performance. An experimental group (n = 20) performed the SR task in telerehabilitation mode, whereas a control group (n = 20) performed the SR task through a traditional face-to-face mode. The obtained results showed that it is possible to carry out cognitive rehabilitation processes through a telerehabilitation modality in conjunction with VR. The costeffectiveness of the system will also contribute to making healthcare systems more efficient, overcoming both geographical and temporal limitations

Combination of KIR2DS4 and FcγRIIa polymorphisms predicts the response to cetuximab in KRAS mutant metastatic colorectal cancer

Cetuximab; Metastatic colorectal cancer; KIR genesCetuximab; Càncer colorectal amb metàstasi; Gens KIRCetuximab; Cáncer colorrectal con metástasis; Genes KIRCetuximab is a standard-of-care treatment for RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) but not for those harbor a KRAS mutation since MAPK pathway is constitutively activated. Nevertheless, cetuximab also exerts its effect by its immunomodulatory activity despite the presence of RAS mutation. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of polymorphism FcγRIIIa V158F and killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes on the outcome of mCRC patients with KRAS mutations treated with cetuximab. This multicenter Phase II clinical trial included 70 mCRC patients with KRAS mutated. We found KIR2DS4 gene was significantly associated with OS (HR 2.27; 95% CI, 1.08-4.77; P = 0.03). In non-functional receptor homozygotes the median OS was 2.6 months longer than in carriers of one copy of full receptor. Multivariate analysis confirmed KIR2DS4 as a favorable prognostic marker for OS (HR 6.71) in mCRC patients with KRAS mutation treated with cetuximab. These data support the potential therapeutic of cetuximab in KRAS mutated mCRC carrying non-functional receptor KIR2DS4 since these patients significantly prolong their OS even after heavily treatment. KIR2DS4 typing could be used as predictive marker for identifying RAS mutated patients that could benefit from combination approaches of anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies and other immunotherapies to overcome the resistance mediated by mutation in RAS

Coastal police of Vigo; A quasi-experimental pilot study about rescue and CPR

El ahogamiento es una de las principales causas de muerte en el mundo y en España. Los socorristas ejercen una labor de prevención y vigilancia pero su labor es estacional y temporal. En muchos lugares, la primera respuesta a la emergencia, cuando los socorristas no están de servicio, depende de la policía, a la que se le requiere habilidades de rescate y reanimación cardiopulmonar (RCP). El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la capacidad de rescate y efecto de la fatiga sobre la calidad de la RCP de un grupo de diez policías costeros cuya área de influencia es el litoral de Vigo. El diseño fue cuasi-experimental con dos factores (pretest basal/postest rescate). Los policías pudieron realizar el rescate acuático rápido y seguro 417 ± 54,5 seg, a nivel de lactacidema se registró 12,27 ± 2,36 mmol. La fatiga inducida por el rescate afectó negativamente a la calidad de la compresiones en la RCP (p = 0,002)Drowning is a leading cause of death worldwide and in Spain. Lifeguards exert vigilance and prevention efforts but their work is seasonal and temporary. In many places the first emergency response when lifeguards are not on duty, depends on the police, which are required rescue skills and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The objective of this study is to determine the ability of lifesaving and effect of fatigue on the quality of CPR of a group of ten coastal police whose area of influence is the coast of Vigo. The design was quasiexperimental with two factors (basal pretest / posttest rescue). Cops with basic training could perform fast and safe water rescue 417 ± 54.5 seconds, lactate level was recorded 12.27 ± 2.36 mmol. Induced fatigue during resuce effort had a nevative effect on the quality of compressions in CPR (p = 0.002